Railway-signaling system.



0. J; COLEMAN.

I RAILWAY SIGNALING SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED JULY 10. 1908.

916,674. Patented Mar. 30, 1909.

WWW

. mcnts in Railway signalingsystems, of which lslock signalingv and has 'for its objectrthe of the signal controlling and signal operating 1 he nditi F circuit without ;r' e

at: Y

given ength of track circuit should be nne'cted by circuits: extending the entire ill! inoperative relation with the track circuit at, g .each end of the block and a separate circuit 1 had to be supplied to connect these any,

' together so that if either opened the si ling current so as to supply the rails at about 9 I r thisrelay controlsa Si react upon the. -other relay to cause it to open,

system in which the track rails are employed phase is n01 limlted thereto;

Specificallyamy, invention, consists'in the arrangement ofic rcuitsliaiida paratuswhereby a signal m'aybecogtrolle ,inaccordance .circuitf tp-i'a-vsi al controlling relay at the 111 some types of systems) and without re j ho ent which I" will hereinafter describe,

- the center of t e block and the block limits are defined b bonds of negligible impedance connecting t e-rails.

UnrrE STATES PATENT omen CLYDE i. COLEMAN, or NEW YORK, N. Y.

narnwaer-sronenme sYs'rnM,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLYDE'J. COLEMAN, a citizen of the United States, re'sidingin New York, county and State of New York, have invented certain newand useful Improve the following is a specification.

My invention relates to electric railway more elhcient and economical arrangement circuits and apparatusr I have shown my mvention applied to a for. the signal controlling circuits and-{1n which the sourceof-power is an alternating current one, and I-prefer to employ such a system, butm invention in: its broader fjifgfiien- Iength of-track q-mfi that the signal controlling currentfbesupp ed at one end of the other end. Qf t e circuit. (which. has certain disadvantages preventing its commercial use q uii'in that relays'at difierent'parts ofkghe len hthereof.- Thusf -'in' the specific emthe source sup lying the track is placed .at

Prior to this-'nvention relays were placed flai the entrance oi the block would go to ger.- According to my present invention l'pref' erably arrange the source of signal controlthe center of'a given length of rails. At one end of this given length-of rails I lace a relay I ae-Jam ela qn enths, ai c r u a Ill; l g rcui in the usual'mannerl Kath other; end-oi. the given length of I place asecondrea; la in operative relation to the rails and this re ay is arranged so thatby its opening it will specmiatiqn Lem? is te March 3 ,1909, Appmm m 1908-" ii al No. 442315;,

' this being efiectedlin the specificiinstance herein described, by causing the relay at the I exit end of the block by its opening to cause the introduction of animpedanceinto the circuit of thetraclr' source, whereby the current supplied by the track source to the rails is so, far reduced that, the relay at the enor, while'normally of the same sensitiveness as'the signal controlling relay, it may, in accordance with my more specific inventiombe arranged so that-when it 1s opened it is "yen a, specially strongfield in order toma e it more sensitive at that time and respond readily to the presence in the trackof the reduced signal controlling current,;

grammatic illustration of a si Fig. 2i ustrates diagrammatically a modifica- A is a source of alternating current, which currentfor any desirednumber of bloc sand also, if desired, may supply the power for 0p; eratin the signal.

B, are therails'ofgone block, it being understood that otherblocks may be mere repetitions of this block? C, C re resent 'respectively the primary iierator A, while the secondary is connected across the rails'at a cen'tra point in the block. The current supplied by this track source divides so that part ofit is carried inclu mg the rails and a bond of negligible rails at this ,point and prevents any substannext block, while the o the rails and-a similar side of the source. 1

E, E' represent eoils-that are in ind fii rrcircuit in lfide's b nd Df as other.

relation to the rails .at each end of the bloek.

exit and may he made more sensitivethan'the Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a dia-. a1 block of a railwa embodying one form 0 my invention.

tion of the relay at the exit end of the block:

by transformers or otherwise, may supply the impedance D. which bond short-circuits the" tial current from passing}? the rails of the trance end of the block will open just as it would when the track is short circuited by ng relay -trr open and place the'signal 1 "and secon ary ofatfansformenthej primary be'u'1g connected across the'circuit of the genthrou h a circuit at one side of the source,

i 20 block which I will now describe.

' so both windingsflf of the relay or-hy suit- 1 coil f of relay F becomes deenergized and the 5'5 trainis, as indicated in Fig. 1, in this r brtion F is a relay having a movable coil f in the circuit of the track coil E, the relay being thus placed in operative relation to the rails 13, B' at the entrance end of the block.

f is a coil supplied by generator A inde pendently of the rails, this coil magnetizing the field structure f The relay when closed,

due to the presence of currentin'the coil'f supplied by coil E when current of sufiicient va ue is passing through the rails and the bond D, closes the circuit ofthe signal controlling'm'agnet G and thereby moves the signal H to safety. c Although no train is illustrated as being between the track source and the bond D; the relay F isshown'a'sopened j placing the signal Hint-danger, because the train J is indicated as present in the other 1 end of the block." This result is effected by the relay and circuits at theelxit end of the F the relay atthe exit end of the block.

, I It is constructed and Wound and supplied by current exactly the same as the relay F except that the arrangement should be such 2 that ittwill open when the electro-motiveforce of the track s'ourceinay be low enough tocause relay Fto open, This may be effected in various ways, as for instance, by

- su'itabje design of the ampere turnsof'one or able design of the track coil E; or by a loca- .tion of the track source substantially nearer theexitthan the cnt'rance end of the block.

7 I KTlS an impedance in series-with the primary C of thejtracksource, thisimpedance being short circuited by conductor 7: when the relay F"is-closed; r 1 I p I c When no train is in the block, both relays "are closed because the movable coils j." re- 40 'ceive'current from the respective track coils .E; E, p The signal H will then be at the clear pds ition. A train entering the block at the right hand end immediately shortcircuits f the current from the rails B, B, whereby the relay F is moved to the position shown so that the signal H assumes its danger position. When the train passes the vtrack source it no longer short-circuits the current '50 from the rails at the right of source .0 and soon after it passes the track source su'fli ,cient current would again flow in the coil E- to close the relay F-if it,were notfor the-ac- 'tion of the-relay F. When; however, the:

of the block no current is supplied to the coil E and therefore relay F opens; he open ing of this relay introduces the l'l'l 'edance K into the circt it of the primar of the do track source, wiereby the elec ro-motiveforce of the track source is substs itiall Y lowcred, the impedance beingof suizh value as to lower said e ectrp-motive iorce sufiiciently to reducethe. current fi' wing to the that relay F will-not close; When the train proceeds beyond the exit end of the block the relay F closes because the system is so designe hat the relay F will res 0nd to the current flowing in the track at t e exit end when the electro-motive-force of the source v has been lowered by the insertion of the impedance K. As soon as relayF closes impedance K is short-circuited and the electromotiveforce of the track source is raised to such a point as'will cause relay F to close and clear the signal. v

- InFigI'Z' I how a modified form of relay for the exit end of the block. The field of this relay is supplied by-one or both of-the coils f f4, which receive their current from secondaries M" and N of transformers whose primaries M and N are connected so. that when the relay is closed the two primaries are in shunt to each other and in series'with the source C. When the relay is opened the primary N is cut out and the primary M is alone in the circuit of the primary C. The primary M is of much greater impedance than the primary Nso that it acts asan imedance just as does the impedanceK" of ig. 1 to reduce the electrmmotive-foree applied to the track. At the same time a much greater proportion of the energy of this circuit is used in this primary My causing its secondaryto sup ly suchacurrent to the'coilj' as to make-t e field of therelay much stronger when the relay is opened than when it is closed. The relay is in man- -ner caused, to respond-to relatively-feebleloo currents in thehtrack circuit, while ordi-.

' narily' a, smaller amount of energy 'is pcom suined in the-field of this relay.

I desire it to be understood that my'inrvention is not limited to any'niere dctalls of construction and arrangement which I 1BR illustrated and described as many modifi-. cations may be made therein without de-- parting from the principles of my invention 7' as set forth in the appended claims.

"What 1 claim as new and desire 'to secure by Letters Patent is: t

1. In a railway signal system, a'signal controlling circuit, asourcetof current feedin the same at a central point therein, two 11 5 re ays one in operative relation to said circult at each slde of 381d source, means for causing bne of said rcla 's to openresponsively to the opening of t e other, and a sig nal operatively related tothe' iir'st of said relays. j v f s 2. In a railway signal system; thetrabk rails, a source of signal contrplling current supplying the same, ale 5' operatively arran ed with respect sai source, a signal rranged t be cleared 1 means for maintaini g said relayyopen when the other rela is en. -4

entrance end of the block to such a point by the closing ofjgle of 'sa' elaysyand 3. In a' raiway signal system, a signal 1 30 I,

't e track rails" and asv track'at different points, means for causing one oi'said relays to open responsively to the opening of the other, and'a slgnal arranged v to be controlled by the-firstof said relays.

a Ina railway signal system, a signal controllingcircuit, a source, of current feeding the same,.a rela in operative relation to said circuit, a.signar controlled by said relay, a second relay in 0 orative relation with anotherpart of,said circuit,'and means for 'r' causing the opening-of said second relay to reducethe currentsupplied by said source fialma railway signal system, asignal eontrolling1circuit,=-a:sourde of current feedin ;'the same, a relav-in operative relation to sai cire'uit a sigrialcontrolled b .said relay, a "secondfrelayfinoperative re ationwith an- ;othe'r part of 1 sai1d circuit, and .xneans. for l '30 causi the opening of sa d second relay'to reduce t elelectro-rnotive force of said source I 7-. narailwer gnhl sys m a Signal-06w trollingfilmult, asourceyof current fee in circuit, a ,signa controlled by said rela a second relay mp iera'tive'relation with another part of ear OIIGlilt, an impedance in serics'with said source,- and ,a. short-circuit around said nnpedance including 1 the con- 't acts-ofjthesecond rela 8, railway signa system, the track rails aso'uree'ot current supplying the same, are ay in'o'perative relationlwith' the track r'rails at one side of said source, a signal coir;

a secondLrelav'in operative relatidnwit the rails at the-other side of, said so utes, and means for causing the 'openihgofjsaid second rela to reduce the current supplied to' the trac rails;

a'railway-signalsystem, the track. IMlflfv ai'SOUI'CB OI current supplying the same,-

, are ay in operative relation with the track rails at one side 'ofi'sald source, a signal .con-

I trolled by said' rela a second rela in op erative'rlation wit the rails at t e. other side of said source, and means for causing the opening ofjsaid second relay'to reduce the e ectro-motilve-force of said source.

10. In a railway signal systefn, ,the track railsga source'ofcurr'fei'tisupplying the same, a relay in-gperative relation-with the track rails at one side of said source, a signal con- ,trolled bysaid relay a second relay in operative relation 'withthe rails at the other side of said source,'an impedance in series with ;two' relays in operative relationwith the,

the same,'arela {inoperative.relation'to ,a1

said source, and a short-circuit around said impedance including the contacts of the secondrelay. J

11, In a railway signal system, the track 'rails, a source supplying the same, two relays in operative relation to the rails at opposite sides of said source, means for causing one of said relays to close with less curreritin the track rails than that required to close the .trolled by the other of said rela' s for reducing the current supplied by sai source; i 12; In a railway signal system, the track rails, a source supplying the same, two relays in operative relation to the rails atoppositesides of said sourde, means for causing one of said relays to close with lessvcurrent in the track -rails than that-required to close the. other, a signal arranged'to be'clearedby theless' sensitive relay, and an impedance-in scrie-s with'the track surce arranged to be .short'circuited' by the sensitive relay. 13. In a railway-signal system, the track ,rails, a source supplying the same, two relays in operative relation to the rails; at opposite sides of said source, means for causing'oir'eof saidarelaysto los with less current in the track rails tha: t at required to closethe other, a signal arranged to;be cleared by the less sensitive 'relay,-and means controlled by -t he more sensitive relay for varying the electro-motive-force of said source. I

14. In a railway signal system, the track rails, a 'source ofcurrent supplying the same;- a si nal, a relay controlling the same opera- .tive y arranged with respect to the track rails, a second relay controlling the electromotive-force applied to the rails by said source in operative relation to the rails at the opposite side of said source, and means controlled by thc second relay for increasing "its',own sens tivcnessuhen it has decreased said electro-motive force. I

rails, a source of cul'rent supplying thesame I a signal, 'a rela, controlling the same opera tively arranger with respect to the track fails, 'a second relay controlling the electromotive-force applied to the -r'ails by said ,115 source and havingrelatively movable actuata ing coils onemin dperatiye relation to. the track rails and the Other S1 plied independentlyof the rail circuitmnr means con-' motive-force applied by said source to the rails and simultaneousl increasing the relativle strength of its int ependently supplied 001 1 1 16. In a railway signal system, the track 12 6 rails, a source of current supplying the same, two relays in operative relationto the track rails, a signal controlled by one of said relays, 'two coils of different impedances and turns,

othen'a signal, a signa operatin circuit-con 75 v trolled by one of said relays, anr means con- 15. In a railway signal 'systeni tlie track,,110

(trolled-by said relay for reducing the electroarranged becontrolled in the circuit Offlt? said source by the other ofLsaid relays and meansfor causing the current in said coils to affect the action of said relay.

' 17 In a railway signaling system, thetrack rails, a source of current supplying the same, a relay having a coil arranged ill-operativc relation with the rails, and means for producing a magnetic field to coact with said coil, two coils of di herent impedancesand turnsnormally .in shunt with each other in series with said source, one of said coils bcmg connected to the relay contacts, and means for relatively varyingthe magnetic field of said relayaccording to the circuit connec- 'same, a coil in operative relation with the rails, two other coils, a relay controlling the relay.

connection of the last two coils relative to the source, I means for controlling the relay determined by the currents in all of said coils, a second relay in operative relation with the rails, and a signal controlled by said second .20; Ina railway signaling system, a source of periodic currents, a circuit supplied there- 'by, a signal controlling relay ooeratively related to said circuit, and a secenr relay arranged to afiect the action of the first relay and also in operative'relation t'o saidcircuit. 21. In a railway signaling s stem, a source of periodic currents, the track rails supplied thereby, a -signalgcontrolling relay operatively related to saiiijphwit and a second relay arranged to affect the action -oft-he first relay and also inoperative relation to they track rails. I v

22. In arailway signaling system, a source of periodic currents, a circuit supplied thereby, a signal controlling relay operatively related to'said""'circuit, and a second relay also in operative relation to said circuit and arranged to control the elcctromiotive force applied thereto by said source.

In a railway signaling tern, a source of periodiccurrents, a circui supplied thereby, a signal controlling relay operatively related to said circuit at one side of said source, and a second relay arranged to affect the action of the i'n-st relay and in operative relation to said circuit at the opposite side of said source.

- 24. In a railway signaling system, a source of periodic currents, the track rails sup )lied thereby, means for confining the flow o current to a given length of said rails at each side of said source, a relay atone end, of said length of rails in operative relation there with, a signal controlled thereby, a relay in .the other end of said length of rails in operative relation therewith, and means for causing said second relay to affect the con'trollin action of the first relay.

25. In a railway signaling system, a source of periodic currents, the track rails supplied thereby, means for confining the flow of current to a given'l'ength of said rails at each side of said source,- a: relay at one end. of said len h of rails in operative relation therewith, a signal controlled thereby, arelay at the other end of said length of rails-in operative relation therewith, and means for causing said second 'relay to controltlie electromotive-for'ce applied to the rails from saidsource. I 1 r 26. In a railway signaling system, a source of periodic currents, the track rails supplied thereby, means for confining theflow-of current to a given length ofsaid rails'at each side of said source, a relay atone end of said len th of rails in o erative relation there with, avsignal' contro led thereby, a relay. at the other end of said length of' rails in operative relation therewith, andmeans for causing said second relay to affect the controlling. 'action oiithe' first relay and: the circuit: con

nections of its own ener izing coils.

227'. In arailway sign'a gs" stem-,a source of periodiccurrents', thetrac Tails supplied' thereby, means for confining. theflovvof-cmrent to a iven length ofsaid'irailsat each side ofsaid source, a relay at one end of said len th of rails inoperative relation there- Wit a signal controlled thereby, a'relayat the other end of said length of rails having.

relatively movable coils-one in operative relation with the rails, series transformers having their primaries controlled in the circuit of said source by said relay, and means 'for oper- ',atively relating said transformers to certain of said-relay coils.

28', In a railway signaling system, a source of periodic currents,the track'rails supplied thereby, means for confining the flow or currentto a given length of saidn'ails at each side or" said source, a relay at one end of said length of rails in operative relation therewith, a signal controlled thereby, a relay at the other end of said length oiaails in opera-' tive relation therewith, and nieans'lor causing said second relay to aiiectthe controlling action ofthe first relay and its own sensitiveness. In testimony whereof, I have-signed my name to this specification, in the presence.of

two subscribing witnesses.

. "CLYDE. J. COLEMAN.

Witnesses:

' v ANNA Dam,

.Enwm SEeEn. 

